Gandhi free essay sample

The Power of Nonviolence Demonstrators lined the coast as the blistering sun incinerated the crowd. Everyone’s eyes were on a short, Indian man wrapped in cloth, an unimpressive looking man named Mohandas â€Å"Mahatma† Karamchand Gandhi. A shudder of nervous anticipation shook him as he lowered his hand into the sloshing sea. Digging his hands into the ground, his hand hit something lumpy. Hands trembling, Gandhi lifted a lump of salty mud from the depths of the sea. The crowd gasped silently. Gandhi then forced himself to lower the lump into the water. The mud slipped away from the grains of white, causing the water to grow murkier. A few minutes later, the mud cleared, and Gandhi held up his hand. Grasping onto the grainy substance, Gandhi cried, â€Å"I have shaken the foundation of the British Empire, for I have broken the salt law! † Gandhi went on to instruct his followers to lead a massive movement to break the salt law, which prohibited the creation of homemade salt. We will write a custom essay sample on Gandhi or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Whenever you need it, do not hesitate to make the salt that you need! † declared Gandhi as an uproar caught the crowd. Cheering, the crowd lined the seashore and began producing illegal salt (Browne, 159-163). One of his biggest demonstrations, the Salt March marked a precedent for all of Gandhi’s Satyagraha (â€Å"holding to the truth†) (Browne 160) demonstrations. Gandhi, though unsuccessful in preventing the India-Pakistan schism, was ultimately a successful revolutionary leader who ended the rule of Britain over India. Gandhi also successfully ended the laws allowing for untouchability, but he was not successful at ending the discrimination against former untouchables. In India, people of the untouchable caste were badly mistreated, because of their low status on the caste system. The caste system was formed by the Aryans, invaders who conquered native Indians living there 2,000 years ago. They divided the population into castes, based on social class, with Brahmans, the priests on top, then the warriors, then the commoners, then the laborers, and on the bottom, the untouchables. Many natives were made into untouchables, who did dirty tasks like carrying off dead bodies, and therefore were considered to be at the same level as animals. Members of higher castes did not even go near them for fear of being polluted. This meant that untouchables were isolated from the rest of the society, and led to their discrimination. Untouchables were considered so low-level that the Rig Veda, an important Hindu document where castes were described, did not even mention them (Oldenburg). Because untouchability had already lasted for 2,000 years, it was unlikely that they would ever be given more rights. Gandhi fought against the injustices against untouchables through his ideals of Satyagraha and Ahimsa (nonviolence). It was his firm belief that untouchability was sinful to Hinduism. In fact, he even believed that the existence of the untouchable caste brought about the British Raj. Gandhi, as a lawyer in South Africa, protested the existence of the untouchables by disemboweling his toilets, which showed that he believed that it was dignifying to do dirty tasks. Gandhi went as far as adopting an untouchable girl and telling his Brahman supporters that they should do their own unwanted tasks, such as cleaning, throwing away trash, and disembowelment. He risked losing many supporters through his bold actions, but decided that it was his duty to help abolish untouchability. He called them the children of God, and refused to enter churches that did not allow entry for lower castes. Gandhi even suspended the movement for British independence because he believed that untouchability should be ended first. Through fasting and praying, he gained many Hindu supporters, and in 1949, the Indian Constitution illegalized untouchability (Oldenburg). Another dominant problem that India faced was the cruel and oppressive rule of Britain in an empire known as the British Raj. Indians did not have much of a say in government; in 1915, only 1 in 20 government positions were held by Indians. By 1923, this changed to 1 in 10, but was still a small percentage (Mahatma Gandhi). This conveys that the British government did not want the general population in India to be represented; they did not care about the welfare of the people. Without the say of the majority, Britain imposed unfair taxes on products, notably salt. Salt was a necessary product, because people sweated a lot in the hot environment of India, so they needed to replenish it by consuming salt. However, making salt was illegal; people were only allowed to buy British salt. The taxes particularly hurt the poor, because they didn’t have much money to buy salt and they were taxed on it, leaving little money for other resources. This rooted poverty into the Indian society. The British police reacted violently to nonviolent protests, and held those who opposed them as political prisoners. For example, in the aftermath of the Salt March, Britain arrested many Indians. With no one to interfere, Britain was free to run its own empire with minimal constraints on power. Gandhi fought against the injustices of the British Raj through his nonviolent demonstrations. In 1921, Gandhi became the leader of the Indian National Congress. (Adams) One of Gandhi’s main grievances was the British tax on salt. Gandhi boldly sent letters to British authorities urging them to repeal the taxes, and threatened to lead a mass movement to break the law if they did not comply. The authorities ignored his letters, and did not even take them seriously. In response, Gandhi led the Salt March, also known as the Salt Satyagraha in which he and his followers, known as Satyagrahas, began a march to the sea. Gandhi visited villages along the way, and asked for only food and shelter, symbolizing his humbleness. When he reached the coast, Gandhi made speeches criticizing the salt laws, and proceeded to make illegal salt, which resulted in massive amounts of people breaking the salt laws in protest against them. Gandhi also instructed women to burn British cloth to protest the cloth monopoly. (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) To stop the movements, Gandhi was imprisoned, along with thousands of other people. In one notable moment, Satyagrahas marched under the orders not to protect or use violence. The police started beating them with clubs, but not one of them even raised a hand to defend themselves. They fell quickly, but the others marched on until they were clubbed. (Severance, 94) This demonstrated the cruelty of the British Raj, and illustrated that the British police were willing to attack defenseless protesters without provocation. During World War II, Gandhi launched the Quit India movement, which threatened massive civil protests if India was not relinquished. Britain arrested Gandhi, but other supporters led the movements. Hundreds of thousands of people were arrested. In 1946, Britain gave up on India and granted India its independence. (Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi) Gandhi was not completely successful in his fights against injustices. Even today, the Indian government does not treat former untouchables equally. For example, in 2006, higher caste members brutally abused and murdered members of a lower caste in an event known as the Khairlanji Massacre. (Hinduvata) The government attempted to cover up the killing, exemplifying the fact that former untouchables have not gained full equality. Gandhi was also unsuccessful at keeping India unified; after Hindu-Muslim disputes reached a peak, the Muslim League broke off and formed Pakistan, against Gandhi’s wishes. Though unsuccessful in certain suites, Gandhi made huge steps in Indian rights, such as influencing the end of untouchability and ending the British Raj. Gandhi’s salt march received international attention. Gandhi was also successful at overthrowing the British with Satyagraha. Britain’s cruelty in the face of nonviolent protesters shook the British Raj’s foundations, allowing Gandhi to land a final strike with his Quit India movement. In 1946, the British realized that they could not keep India, so they granted India its independence. Gandhi’s successes were marked by his use of nonviolence to achieve his goals, a legacy that humanitarians like Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King Jr. followed. King used nonviolent protests and boycotts to end racial discrimination in the US. Mandela nonviolently protested against the South African apartheid. This shows that Gandhi successfully spread his ideals of nonviolence to the world. However, the end of Gandhi was not very peaceful. Gandhi was assassinated by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu fanatic who opposed Gandhi’s beliefs of Hindu-Muslim peace. Gandhi’s fight for ending untouchability and freeing India from Britain has left a foundation for the future of India. Obama, in a meeting with India, remarked, â€Å"I am mindful that I might not be standing before you today, as president of the United States, had it not been for Gandhi and the message he shared and inspired with America and the world†. Though Gandhi was shot dead, his legacy has remained untarnished. To honor Gandhi, people should abstain from violence to solve problems, and should resolve disputed through discussions, rather than fistfights. Gandhi has given India freedom, rights, and his life. He was one of the bravest men to live.

THE RACE essays

THE RACE essays Over the years supercross has grow to be one of the biggest spectating sports to watch; next year can only promise the same thing. With the arrival of new stars each year, it becomes harder for the champion to keep his throne. Every few years a new king is crowned, while the other is dethroned. There are more people at an AMA motocross event then that of a NFL football game. The stadium is sold out and there are people everywhere. Some people are your average day people who you would see on the street. There are men, women, children, blacks and whites. Certainly there is no race barrier in this sport. A few years ago, no one ever saw an African-American on a dirt bike. If there was one, he was not good enough to be noticed. That it why they had to work harder than ever before in order to get their names recognized. In order to get noticed, riders have to make it to the top. Now there is a new Tiger Woods of Motocross. His name is James Bubba Stewart. He is the best in his class and is setting lap times that could make him the best of all time. Not even the Aussie (Chad Reed) or the current champ (Ricky Carmichael) set the lap times to beat him; and they are another division up from Bubba! Bubba poses sportsmanship that is hard to beat in any sport. For instance, last year during supercross season, he gave his lucky helmet away to a kid holding a sign that said I want Bubbas helmet! This appalled everyone because the season wasnt over. Maybe he just wanted to show everyone that he didnt need luck and just wanted to show everyone that he is pure talent. If there was a superman of supercross, this would undoubtedly be James Bubba Stewart. He races hard and fast, flying through the course as if he had ridden it a thousand times before. He soars through the air with grace and has an amazing amount of stamina, appearing as if he is a superhuman. ...

Obesity in Kuwait Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Obesity in Kuwait - Essay Example It has hugely educated the public on the importance of eating habits credibility. In regard to making efforts to increase awareness about obesity, several organizations have been developed in the country. These organizations have trained and sensitized people on how to lead lifestyles which are healthy. Kuwait has been ranked second in obesity just behind United States of America. This is according to a recent study by the Imperial College London, Harvard University together with the World Health Organization. Various reasons for obesity problems in Kuwait have been brought about. Many people in Kuwait do not perform physical workouts and they eat junk foods which contain excess fats and calories. They have been able to spend any amount of money for tasty foods since they earn high incomes. Therefore this gives out a direct relationship with the problems of obesity in Kuwait. The higher the income, leads to the higher chances of being infected by obesity. This is the situation in Kuwait. Energy intake among the Kuwaitis is extremely more than what is actually required for a person according to Zaghloul’s study. This has been seen to be very much higher than the estimated requirements of energy for almost half of Kuwait children and one-third of adults. There has been an estimation of energy requirements that is exceeded by 78% -100% of the recommendations for protein and carbohydrates in respect to Kuwait situation. Majority of the energy drinks and foods contain excessive fat and sugar content which in turn bring about a problem of obesity in a human being’s body. People, who earn high incomes in Kuwait, buy these foods and drinks items which are expensive and contain excess fats and calories. Among Kuwaitis, high income earners have been infected by obesity. Globalization has also led to an increase of obesity cases among the Kuwaitis. This is simply because, many people’s life styles

Juvenile Justice Project (outline) How Teenagers Should be Punished Assignment

Juvenile Justice Project (outline) How Teenagers Should be Punished - Assignment Example These minor violations result in harsh and brutal punishments from them. This is the simplest parenting trap many parents may fall into as at this point parents are trying to win their battle of ego and being superior rather than giving some learning to their child about how to choose good and bad. Parents must remember that this is not the wrestling match or a tug of war but only the time to demonstrate their role in the best possible way. Parents do have some authority over their child but that does not mean to change this into a power struggle scenario. (ii). Negative Impact Of Physical Aggression: Child who suffers a constant hitting by their parents may end up having violent behavior issues later with their friends, siblings or even with their better halves. Conclusion: Thus physical assaults practice on teenagers must be condemned as this may lead to loss of self confidence of child and respect of parents in the eye of child. Certain alternatives for combating the discipline issues with child must be kept in mind for the proper upbringing of the

Java applets and JavaScript scripts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Java applets and JavaScript scripts - Essay Example There are few links to visit java applets: java.sun.com/applets and csis.pace.edu/~bergin/Java/applets.htm Java Applets presents a rich familiarity on the user/client area as well as there are a lot of activities they are able carry out like that graphic manipulation, custom data streaming, advanced GUIs and threading. The Java is able to talk to JavaScript by means of the Live-Connect Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) (AjaxProjects, 2009). Java Applets are utilized to give interactive distinctiveness to web applications that can not be presented by using HTML. They are able to have powers that counter to the client input, as a result re-computing the given web based graphic content. This creates Java-applets well appropriate for visualization, expression as well as teaching reasons. Java Applet is able to as well make use of JFrame to go away the devoted area as well as execute like detached window (Ackermann, 2002). For the commercial settings of the Java applets Java application developers are able to debug and build up an applet straightly and basically through developing a major routine. This main routine is built in applets class or in a different class as well as call start () and init () on the applet, for that reason permitting for development and customization for the commercial setting in their preferred J2SE development setting (Sosnowski, 2009). The most important commercial settings of the Java applets we can use same applet that will work on "every" installed edition of Java at the similar time, and will carry out same activities in all operating system working environments (Ackermann, 2002). Java script is an interpreted language that facilitates a programmer to insert dynamic components and interactive elements to a web page. These elements consist of alert messages, animations, drop down menus, scrolling text, data input forms, interactive

Jungian Psychology Theory

Jungian Psychology Theory Carl Jung was a psychologist and scholar who pioneered the unique field of analytical psychology. The field is characterized by complex and obscure theories that cover various intricate concepts, such as spirituality and the symbolic dynamics of personality. Many of Jungs theories mirror the abstraction of the concepts that they try to explain. Despite its ambiguity, Jungian therapy nevertheless presents the field of psychology with valuable ideas about the human personality, as well as innovative implications for therapy. It is highly comprehensive, addressing and conceptualizing a great diversity of concepts, such as creativity, religion, spirituality, and personality. In addition, Jungian therapy can be successfully compared to other forms of therapy. Its psychoanalytic background gives it many connections to the theories of classical psychoanalysis and Freudian therapy, while its goals and liberal approach to therapy makes it much more similar to humanistic therapy. However, seve ral questions arise when analyzing the applicability of Jungian theory to the scientific field of psychology and psychotherapy. While his complex concepts allow his theories to explore the hidden depths of the human mind, his lack of precise operational definitions for those concepts makes it difficult for any of his theories to be empirically tested. Similarly, several of his concepts are very vague and offer more questions than answers. Nevertheless, despite an obvious absence of a scientific base for his theories, the effect Jung has had on the field of psychology and on other fields is undeniable. His ideas led therapists to look to fields such as art and music in order to incorporate new and creative methods into therapy that, while more aesthetic than scientific, proved to be very effective. Among these methods are dream interpretation, music therapy, and art therapy. It is important, however, to note that Jungian psychology is not the right approach for all therapists and clients. Only a specific group of people would find Jungs theories appealing and useful. Therefore, its lack of universality can be seen as another important issue. That being said, much more can still be done to test and evaluate the full use of Jungian theory in psychology. Individuation Overall, Jungian theory holds a positive view of people, believing in that they have the inherent potential to stand out as unique individuals. However, the process of individuation is complicated, making a person become aware of and reconcile conflicts with the unconscious parts of his personality before he can truly individualize. Individuation is the means through which people can achieve self-actualization, or self realization. If people are not able to individualize, then they can never reach self-actualization, which is the ultimate goal of Jungian therapy and, according to Jung, it is the ultimate goal of living (Harris, 1996). The process of individuation is very complex and involves individuals integrating various concepts into their lives that may be beyond their current, conscious understanding of the world. In therapy, there could be two levels, one that is shallow and one that is deeper. In the first one, the client can experience a problem, begin to understand it, and then learn how to cope with it or to solve it (Harris, 1996). However, in the second level, the clients look beyond their obvious problems and begin to explore hidden parts of their psyche so that they may not only find a solution to their problem, but so they could also go through a whole transformation process, in which they undergo dramatic changes that allow them to gain deeper meanings about what distinguishes them from other people (Harris). Analytical psychotherapy attempts to create a link between the conscious and unconscious so that concepts that seem illogical could become understandable and interpretable. Structure of the Psyche The Jungian view of personality is based on understanding the structure of the psyche. The psyche is what Jung believed to be the complete and total personality of an individual. It is the vessel of a continuous flow of energy that moves between the consciousness and the unconsciousness. This energy manifests itself in a persons thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. The psyche itself consists of many subsystems that are oppositional, yet very interdependent with one another. Those interdependent systems can be grouped into the conscious, the personal unconscious, and the collective unconscious. The conscious consists of perceptions that an individual is constantly aware of, such as immediate memories, thoughts, and feelings. (Jung, 1971a). At the center of the conscious is the ego, which is the conscious main reference point and the psyches unifying element. It consists of immediate thoughts, feelings, memories, and other experiences. In addition, it creates the framework for peoples view themselves and their identity (Jung, 1971b). Covering the ego is the persona, which is the public image one allows other people to see. It is the conscious component of the self usually developed in childhood that manifests itself in everyday roles at work, school, and other social institutions. Likewise, it reconciles the conflict between personal desires and the requirements of society, thus making it a mediator (Jung, 1971a). In terms of the goal of individuation, the persona is what hinders an individuals journey towards that goal. The more one focuses and acts on the social self, the less one can have access to the inner world and thus moves further from individuation and self-actualization. Similarly, disregarding the persona by over-focusing on internal experiences leads to social conflicts and limited awareness of the outside world (Jung, 1959a). Lying deeper than the conscious is the personal unconscious, which is made up of material that is repressed or forgotten but for the most part it can be easily retrieved, usually with the help of therapy. Material in the personal unconscious is unique to the individual (Jung, 1971a). Just as the ego is the center of the conscious, the self is the center of the personal unconscious. The self regulates and stabilizes the personality, and it is also the mediator between the conscious, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious (Jung, 1959b). The self is also dependent on the other systems of personality, as it cannot until begin to develop until other systems become fully developed, which usually happen around middle age. Its development begins when individual starts to become more spiritual and philosophical, which is a sign of the blending of the conscious and the unconscious. The self is surrounded by the shadow, anima/animus, and a various complexes, the details of which will be discussed after a brief description of the collective unconscious (Jung, 1959a). The collective unconscious is the deepest part of the psyche and is perhaps Jungs most complex and most misunderstood concept. Unlike the personal unconscious, which consists of content that was once in the conscious but then forgotten, content in the collective unconscious never existed in the conscious nor did it even contain any personal, individual experiences. (Jung, 1971c). Likewise, it was never acquired by the individual; rather it was inherited from primordial generations. It consists of symbolic material, such as complexes and archetypes. Jungs basis for the idea of the collective unconscious is based in the belief that all individuals possess generic images, myths, and symbols that are biologically passed down through generations and that are partially responsible for guiding how people think, feel, and act. The collective unconscious includes concepts such as light and dark, heaven and hell, and birth and death. Though it can never be directly accessed by the conscious, t he collective unconscious nevertheless presents itself in images, visions, and/or archetypes (Jung). Archetypes and Symbols Archetypes are themes that have manifested themselves in various cultures throughout all of history. Jung (1971b) also calls them primordial images, namely because they are so ancient. Certain archetypes, such as the anima/animus and the shadow, have developed so fully that they now stand as separate systems in the personality. They are supported by common patterns or universal motifs, making up the fundamental content of tales, myths, and legends. They begin to surface usually in the form of dreams and visions (Harris, 1996). The anima/animus is the masculine and feminine archetype, a concept that is similar to the idea of the ying and the yang. Anima represents the feminine qualities in men, and animus represents the masculine qualities in women, with the qualities being those that are stereotypically associated with each sex. An example would the anima emerging as sensitivity in males and the animus emerging as aggression in females. Jung (1971b) believed that the purpose of the a nima/animus is that it allows men and women to understand and properly interact with one other. This archetype came from many centuries of males and females living together and taking on each others personalities (Jung, 1951b). The shadow, which was mentioned before, is a part of both the personal and the collective unconscious. It is the internal content that is usually repressed to its socially unacceptable and uncivil nature. The shadow represents the darker and more evil aspects of the personality that people usually deny even exist because of the strong opposition of society. The shadow occurs in the form of negative thoughts and actions that are rooted in animal instincts. These negativities could be aggression, sexual desire, selfishness, and any other traits and qualities that are considered evil by society. In essence, the shadow is the direct opponent of the persona, the public image. The shadow from the personal unconscious is usually more easily identifiable and manageable than the shadow from the collective unconscious, which is rooted much deeper (Jung, 1971b). In therapy, the acknowledgment and awareness of the shadow is an essential part of moving towards the resolution of conflicts and comi ng closer towards individuation. This acknowledgement, however, is by no means simple, as it comes into conflict with the socially acceptable and positive image one wishes to present to society. Consciously integrating the shadow into personality is usually the first stage of the therapeutic process (Harris, 1996). Conceptualization of Conflict Application to Psychotherapy I: Therapeutic Process As mentioned before, the main goal of Jungian therapy is to help the client come to a higher state of self-actualization, or self-realization. This is an ongoing process that the individual engages in throughout his entire life, from childhood to late adulthood, and it never fully comes to end. The concept of self-realization is more ideal than real and it is the actual process of moving towards self-realization, rather than achieving it, that should be the goal of every individual. In fact, Jung believed that full self-realization can never happen, precisely because self-realization is not real. (Harris, 1996). Sometimes, however, the process may be hindered if in childhood a person grew up in a harsh environment where the parents were unreasonably strict. When the self-actualization process is halted, certain personality dysfunctions, such as neurosis and psychosis, tend to form. When in such a state, a person does not have a balance between the subsystems of his personality. The p eople who come for therapy have either completely lost touch with their inner world or are overly focused on and preoccupied with it. The therapist must therefore help recreate the bridge between the inner and the outer worlds while still keeping them separated and preventing them from merging together (Dehing, 1992). The relationship between the therapist and the client is one element in Jungian therapy that distinguishes it from many other approaches. In Jungian therapy, the client is not viewed as someone who needs treatment and the therapist is not someone who is the curer. Rather Jungian therapists are people who help guide other people to delve into the unconscious and to create meanings in their lives (Dehing 1992). The therapists are experts because they have the knowledge of the structure and functions of the psyche, and so the therapist can teach, give support, scold, or reflect on the clients processes and experiences. However, much of Jungian therapy is dependent on an equitable relationship between client and the therapist, and in order for this relationship to exist, the therapist must abandon any feelings of superiority and authority, as well as the desire to influence the clients therapeutic process. In addition, Jung affirmed that the therapists should be just as equally involved in their own self-realization process as their clients (Dehing). The therapy process itself consists of four stages. During the confession stage, the client acknowledges his problems and limitations. He becomes aware of both his own weaknesses and the weaknesses of humankind, to which he is unavoidably tied to. This is a cathartic process during which transference occurs, and the client begins to transfer thoughts and feelings onto the therapist, thus causing many unconscious elements to come to the surface. This content that is brought to the surface is clarified by the therapist in elucidation, the second stage, during which the client learns about the origin of his problems. In the third stage, the education stage, the clients learns to integrate the new meanings and insights he gains from therapy into his personality. In the final stage, transformation happens are a result of innovative changes and dynamics in the client-therapist relationship that go beyond the environmental realm and that create an active movement towards self-realization (H arris, 1996). Application to Psychology II: Therapeutic Techniques Overall Jung was reluctant to implement specific therapy techniques, as he felt that they would restrict clients in their process of exploration and self-realization. He did recognize, however, that assessments were necessary in order to be able to learn about the clients history and understand how past conflicts lead to maladjustments (Harris, 1996). Using psychological types was the most important technique for assessment. Jung created an outline of the major attitudes that make up a ones personality. The two most fundamental attitudes are the contrasting extroverted personality and introverted personality, with the first characterized as outgoing and social and the second characterized as introspective and shy. While everyones personality consists of a combination of the two attitudes, there is always one that is dominant and is in consciousness and one that is inferior and is in the unconsciousness. In addition to the attitudes, thinking, feeling, sensing, and intuiting are four major functions that also distinguish ones personality type (Jung, 1971d). The four functions are also divided into contrasting pairs, sensing with intuiting and thinking with feeling. Sensing and intuiting characterize how one experiences and perceives the world, and intuiting and thinking characterizes how one evaluates their experiences. Sensing types perceive the world by using conscious acknowledgment of what they can see, hear, smell, touch, and taste. Intuiting types perceive the world unconsciously through unexplained hunches and random moments of insight. From there, thinking allows one to understand phenomena by way of reason and logic, while feeling allows one to judge an event emotionally (Jung, 1971d). From the characteristics associated with the psychological types, later researchers created the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), a 166 item inventory identifying a person as an extraverted or introverted type and as a feeling, thinking, intuitive, or sensing type (Ryckman, 2004). In addition to the using the psychological types, Jung also used word associations to assess his clients. Through the use of word associations Jung aimed to identify complexes. Clients had to give rapid responses to stimulus words by saying whatever words occurred to them. The stimulus words were chosen so as to stimulate all complexes that have been found in practice. Times were recorded between the presentation of the stimulus and the clients response. Any sort of hesitation or error that occurred was identified as the underlying conflict or complex. Upon discovering the complexes the therapist brings them into the conscious awareness of the client so they may be further explored (Ryckman, 2004). Jungian therapy also consists of various exploratory techniques. Among them the most prominent is dream interpretation. Relation to Freudian and Humanistic Psychology Because of Jungs psychoanalytic background, many comparisons can be made between his theories and the theories of his contemporary Sigmund Freud. However, when analyzing the Jungian approach to counseling and therapy, there is a much stronger parallel with the humanistic approach, especially with Gestalt therapy. Jungs theories can be compared to Freuds on concepts such as personality development, conflict, and the structure of the unconscious. In terms of personality development, both Jung and Freud stress the importance of the development of a healthy and stable self. In Freudian theory that self is the genital character and in Jungian it is the individualized character. However, unlike Freud, Jung did not believe that development could ever have a resolution. As mentioned before, the Jungian concept of personal development is characterized by a constant movement towards self-realization and the consistent balancing of the inner and the outer self. For the most part, this cannot fu lly happen until all parts of the personality become developed, which is not until adulthood. This differs greatly from Freud who believed that the larger part of an individuals personality forms in childhood. Similarly, the two differ in how they view and conceptualize conflict. For Freud, psychopathology and other dysfunctions are rooted in negative childhood and past experiences, such as abuse or neglect. In order to cope with such experiences, a person develops various defense mechanisms, the most common of which are repressions and fixations. These defense mechanisms hinder development in that they do not allow one to successfully complete all the stages of development. Jung, on the other hand, did not view the unsuccessful completion of the stages of development as the source of conflict, partially because he rejected the idea of the stages of development having completion. Conflict, in Jungian theory, comes from an internal imbalance between the subsystems of personality. Likewise, contrary to Freud, conflict is not ignited by a traumatic or painful childhood event. Rather conflict is something that is present in individuals from the very beginning and is a natural part of personali ty. The Jungian idea of conflict can be described in terms of the cosmological idea of chaos. Before the creation of the world, there was only chaos. Then in a slow process, order came to chaos and the world was able to fully form. It is the same with the individual, who starts life conflicted but then slowly is able to gain internal balance and stability. It is quite evident that the Jungian concept of the unconscious is based on Freudian theory. Both theories emphasize the immense importance of the unconscious and its affect on the individual, stating that conflicts are centered in the unconscious. In Freudian psychology the main unconscious process is the struggle between the superego and the id. In Jungian psychology, such struggles also exist, mainly in the conflict between the persona and the shadow. Likewise, both Freud and Jung divided the human mind into three levels: the conscious, preconscious (or subconscious), and unconscious in Freudian theory, and the conscious, personal unconscious, and collective unconscious in Jungian theory. Jungs personal unconscious can be equated to Freuds preconscious. Both levels are deep, but not beyond access, and both contain content that became lost to the conscious. Jungs collective unconscious is similar to Freuds unconscious in that it is beyond the reach of the conscious, but usually man ifests itself in the form of dreams and symbolic images. However, unlike the Freudian unconscious, the Jungian unconscious is not solely made up of repressed aggressions and sexual desires. It is much more complex, containing both personal repressions and archetypal ideas of the greater humanity. Jungian therapy is connected to humanistic therapy in its goals and approach to therapy, specifically the relationship between the client and the therapist. In both therapies the ideal goal is the realization and actualization of the self. In therapy, this goal is met by placing strong emphasis on awareness of experiences. Like humanistic therapy, Jungian therapy acknowledges the importance of the past, but prefers to focus on the immediate present and the impending future. Specifically, past experiences are only viewed in terms of their implications on the present and future. However, unlike the humanistic approach, Jungian therapy places more emphasis on unconscious processes and how they affect the conscious. Jungian therapy is also similar to humanistic, particularly to Gestalt, in the way it views the role of the therapist and the relationship he has with the client. Like Gestalt therapy, Jungian therapy views the therapist as being equal in position and superiority to the clien t, having expertise only in terms of having more knowledge of psychological processes. Conclusion In general, Jungian therapy and analytical psychology presents very strong and well supported ideas, even while being, at times, complex and ambiguous. The theories are solid and comprehensive, covering a wide range of psychological phenomenon. It can therefore be used alone, without the conjunction of a different form of therapy. It builds on certain pre-existing theories from classical psychoanalysis, yet offers a completely different and unique perspective to them, in addition to adding new concepts. Jungian therapy is especially unique in its strongly philosophical nature that emphasizes abstract rather concrete concepts. Such concepts include spirituality, symbolic images, and the connection between the individual, humankind, and the greater cosmos. This unique factor of Jungian therapy can be viewed as both a strength and a weakness. It is a strength in that it outlines and conceptualizes ideas that are usually limited only to philosophy, despite having such important roles in personal development. Every person at some point attempts to search for the higher and deeper meanings in life. Jungian therapy recognizes and supports this need. However, its philosophical approach is also a major weakness. One reason for this is that it lacks empirical evidence due to its abstract nature. Another reason is that the concepts are very complex and require a specific type of mentality in order to understand them. This makes it difficult for Jungian therapy to be applicable to all clients. I believe the types of clients that would probably receive the most benefit from Jungian therapy are people who can think abstractly and who are very patient. These people view the world in terms of symbols that are in constant need of interpretation. They have to be fond of constructing meanings of both their own internal experiences and the universal, macrocosmic phenomena. People with problems such as severe depression, personality disorders, and schizophrenia may be greatly helped by Jungian therapy. These are people who have lost or were not able to find greater meaning in life, thus causing them to plunge into the confusion and chaos that characterizes the mentioned disorders. Jungian therapy would be able to help find that meaning, as well as give them a strong conceptualization of their experiences. However, clients who prefer a more concrete and direct approach to therapy would most likely be very frustrated with a Jungian therapist and would probably not be aided by the pro cess. If anything, their condition may only worsen from being overly confused and frustrated. Clients with OCD, phobias, and other anxiety disorders should probably be treated with a different therapeutic approach, as Jungian therapy may not be the most appropriate technique for them. Therefore a therapist must be very careful when choosing to use the Jungian approach. The therapist should first be able to assess the clients mentality and determine whether Jungian therapy would be harmful or beneficial.

Technology Implementation at Bead Company :: Computer Technology Business

Anyone who owns there own business knows there is so much work and dedication involved. You have to be on the ball at all times to ensure every choice you make is going to better you and your business. With today’s technology, there is so much of an opportunity to really learn how to excel you business nationwide. Having computers to help run your business is a great idea. This allows for you to connect better with other employees who may be located in different states. Meredith who is the founder of Bead Bar realized that she needed to make some updates to her company in order for her to succeed. Bead Bar is a company who specializes in allowing customers to visit the store and they can create their own bead jewelry. The founder of this fantastic company is Meredith, which was started in 1998. Her very first store was located in New Canaan, Connecticut. Since then she has been able to really make her company grow. Today she now has three divisions which are: studios, franchises, and Bead Bar on Board. There are a total of six studios. These studios are responsible for oversees the company’s six bead bar studios they have. The franchises sell beading supplies to the businesses that want to open their own bead studio. The newest division is the Bead Bar on Board. This division is designed for cruise ships! There is an average of 35 employees located at each store. The down fall for this company is they still use paper based forms. This is hurting the company with trying to keep up with the demand in the product. They have even lost orders, had incorrect invoicing, a nd delays in fulfilling orders. With this company growing like it is, having a computer system set up is the best decision for the company. This is a presentation to how the Bead Bar could use a computer network to help there business excel! One of the first steps needed when starting your plan of bring in computers is how many and which ones. There are all types of computers out there, you want to ensure that you choose the best choice for your company. You want to count the number of employees that will need a computer, also include some back up’s in case you hire additional employees or there are technical issues with another.

Group Development Essay

The first stage is the forming stage. During this stage, things are characterized by much uncertainty. There is uncertainty as to what the purpose of the group is, what the structure of the group is, and who the leadership of the group is going to be. Members of the group will want to test the waters and try to determine how far they can go and what they can get away with during this stage of the group development process. The second stage is the storming stage. During this stage of group development, the members of the group accept the existence of the group but are against the restraints put on individual creativity. This can lead to serious problems if there is not some sort of compromise or agreement put in place on allowing individuals to be creative within the guidelines of the project. The third stage is the norming stage. During this stage, relationships among team members are becoming closer and group cohesiveness is coming together. The group identity is really becoming clear. This stage is considered complete when the structure of the group is completely solidified and the members of the group have decided on what is considered proper behavior for members of the group. In my opinion, this is one of the most critical stages in group development. The fourth stage is the performing stage. This stage of group development is really when things start to happen. Members of the team have fully accepted the structure and the team is working towards accomplishing the goals that were set forth initially. The group has gone from getting to know each other to complete understanding and working on accomplishing the  task at hand. The fifth and final stage of group development is the adjourning stage. This is only true for groups that are temporary. Permanent work groups are finished after stage four. This stage is normally when the group finalizes and wraps up the tasks that they have been asked to perform and then they go their separate ways. This stage is hopefully where the project is finalized and the group has been successful at accomplishing the goals that were initially set forth. Problem Identification There are two major problems that I see in this situation. The first problem that I see with this group is that there is going to be conflict of interests from each of the different groups. Each of the groups have different agendas as to how to fully accomplish the goals of the project. This can lead to problems or possibly a severe conflict between one or more of the groups. This differing of opinions and attitudes by the groups could also possibly lead to an overall failure to achieve any of the objectives of the group. The second major problem that I see with this project is demographic diversity. There are such wide and varied demographics in the school district that this project is going to take place. There could be conflicts that one demographic is being favored over another. There could also be problems that stem from this. If one demographic seems to think that another is being favored, then they could cause problems for the overall project and the goals of that project. Retrospective Evaluation The solution for the first problem will be the easiest of the two problems. During the formation of the development group for this project, common goals need to be decided upon by the development team. These goals need to be approved by all of the different entities that have an interest in this project succeeding. There should be one major common goal for the project and all of the groups should agree to this goal. If they cannot agree to a common goal, then there really is no need to go forward with the project. The solution for the second problem is going to be a little harder to solve. I believe that a non-interested third party group should be brought in to oversee the project. This will allow for an impartial representative to make decisions and also to ensure that no one demographic group is being favored more than another. If one groups interests are being pushed and another group see this favoritism, it could lead to problems and thus an overall failure of the project. Therefore, a third party should be placed in charge and there should be no conflicts because they should not favor any one particular group. Reflection The project is all about making things better for the kids of this school district. This could lead to better educational opportunities for all involved within the district. However, there are possible issues that need to be solved for this project to move forward and be a success. If these issues are addressed in the beginning then there should be resolutions and no problems should arise. This will allow a successful project and the enhancement of educational opportunities for the children of the school district.

A Sad Day in My Life Essays

A Sad Day in My Life Essays A Sad Day in My Life Essay A Sad Day in My Life Essay Essay Topic: In the Waiting Room A Sad Day in My Life My grandma and I were like best friends. We were very close. I would always visit her at least two or three times a week, more than anyone else in our family. We would always have a good and fun time together. Well one day I was on my way to visit her at her house but I had found out that she had gone to the emergency room because she was bleeding through the brain. When I found that I out I just broke down and got to the hospital as fast as I could. I knew because of that, that she wasn’t going to last much longer. She was going to have to get brain surgery. The doctor said it was going to be very difficult to do. I cried that whole day and the next few days. My family talked to the doctor and he told them that if they succeed she will be fine and healthy but it would take some time for her to be back to her normal self, well the procedure was successful but they realized that she wasn’t going to be healthy like they thought she would. We found out that she had a high chance of being a veggie, which means she would still be alive but wouldn’t be able to move or talk. My grandma told my uncles and me to go in the room because she had something to tell us. Well we did and she told us if she would become a veggie then she would want us to pull the plug on her. A couple days later after she told us she passed away unfortunately. Everyone was sad and depressed especially myself. It hurt me the most. I wouldn’t talk to anyone or even acknowledge that they were there. My heart felt like it had stopped beating for a couple seconds. I was crying and shaking in the waiting room. This was the saddest day of my life. Not only did I lose my grandma, I lost one of my best friends. She taught me how to cook, make coffee, helped me take my first steps, and a lot of other things I do to this day. I was so sad and angry that day that I bawled my fists up and punched a hole in the waiting room wall. I started yelling and crying and the doctor â€Å"I thought you said that she would be alright. You lied to us. † My uncles pulled me back and started hugging me trying to calm me down. That day was the first time that my family has ever seen me down like that before. Every day I think about her and reminisce about all the good times we had and say to myself that she is in better place with my grandpa. A couple weeks later we had her memorial with pictures, a slideshow, and flowers. Family from all around the U. S came to her memorial at my uncle’s house. Every night I repeat to myself this quote by an unknown author â€Å"When someone you love becomes a memory, the memory becomes a treasure. †

Castles of Wales essays

Castles of Wales essays Chepstow which is a Norman castle was constructed beginning in 1067. This was less than a year after the new king, William the Conqueror, was crowned. It was built high over the river Wye in Southeast Wales. The Normans werent the first to realize the strategic value of this position. We know this because the arch above the main doorway into the hall was built by bricks taken from a Roman fort that used to stand close by. This position was an advantage partly because it allowed allies to bring supplies to the castle during times of battle and siege. They brought these supplies through the river. All through the Middle Ages Chepstow remained the center of the military and also administrative power. In Strigoils Marcher lordship. Chepstow was built by William fitz-Osbern, a loyal Norman Lord. A few months after the battle of Hastings in 1066 William fitz-Osbern then lord of Breteuil in Normandy was created earl of Hereford by William the Conqueror. He was stuck with the job of subduing the southern Welsh borderlands. Before his death in 1071 he had completed the rectangular keep. This is the earliest dateable secular stone structure in Britain. Fortresses built by fitz-Osbern were the vehicles that the new king used to obtain control over his newly conquered lands. Chepstow became the main launching point for journeys that over time quieted the rebellious people. Chepstows Great Hall, which was started in 1067, is the oldest surviving stone fortification in Britain because of this and some other facts its important to Britains history. Other castles built at this time have been long gone, but here at Chepstow it is possible to see and feel the remains. Inside the Great Hall men with considerable power planned strategies with other Welsh Marcher Lords. They mapped out invasions to gain control of the country that was still ruled by groups of powerful Princes. ...

Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 27

Questions - Essay Example 2. Notice our lecture begins the SWOT analysis in Chapter 3 with the external environment –  an environmental scan of the opportunities and threats. The internal analysis begins in the next lecture –  Chapter 4. Why is that? Why do you begin your SWOT analysis externally, not internally? The external analysis is more important than the internal analysis for a number of reasons. The external environment analysis takes into account non-controllable factors that affect the company but which the company cannot control. If the company does not take them into consideration, they could affect the very operations of the company. An internal analysis, on the other hand, only seeks to address issues within the company- meaning that these are concerns that the company is in a position to control. 3. As a corporate â€Å"strategic planning†Ã‚  resource, is it better to have assets or competencies. Give an example †¦Ã‚  a different one than your classmates’  examples. And, do not say â€Å"both† or â€Å"it depends.† Pick one and explain it. Strategic assets are basically a corporation’s own resources. Core competencies, on the other hand, refer to a company’s best capabilities. In essence, strategic assets are worthless until they are converted into products that can be used by the company’s customers. Competencies are quite important as they can be used by businesses to leverage their strategic resources and generate a unique advantage over business rivals (Rumelt, 2011). Competencies are the more valuable choice. 4. Give an example of a product-market and why it fits the criteria for a product-market. Each student must give a â€Å"different†Ã‚  example –OR– disagree with another student’s example explaining why the disagreement. One input per student, please. A "product market" refers to the distinct society demographic to which a business targets its newly created products. For instance, a new range of age defying

Communication Research Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Communication Research - Assignment Example This research process begins with specific observations and gradually moving on to making broader generalizations and developing of theories based on observed facts. The process follows and develops a specific pattern based on which a tentative hypothesis is formed followed by theories. This process entails a high degree of uncertainty as compared to the deductive research process. Most of inductive research is qualitative in nature while deductive research is quantitative. This is because in most cases the inductive approach is of particular significance for qualitative content analysis while a deductive approach is more appropriate for a quantitative analysis. However at times the inductive approach allows for a strictly qualitative analysis the deductive approach on the other hand allows for either a qualitative or quantitative analysis or a combination of the two (Keyton, 2011). 2. ... e surveyed is 30 then in the absence of any specific preference it would naturally be expected that 10 of them would prefer soft drinks, 10 would prefer hot drinks, and the rest of them i.e. 10 would prefer health drinks. The use of chi square helps in comparing our observations i.e. actual fact, with what we originally expected i.e. our assumption. If on the contrary the sample selected indicated that only 2 preferred health drinks, 18 preferred hot drinks and 10 preferred soft drinks then it can be confidently stated that more students preferred hot drinks in a cafeteria, thus indicating that hot drinks are the general preference among students. However if the selected sample indicated that 9 preferred hot drinks, 11 preferred health drinks and the remaining 10 preferred soft drinks then we might be able to confidently state that hot drinks are generally preferred by students (Keyton, 2011). †¢ Independent samples t-test Research question: Do older people rely less on technolo gical gadgets as compared to younger people? Hypothesis testing helps in gaining knowledge about the sample population. Independent t-test is applied where there are two independent samples and the researcher intends to compare these two groups of individuals while the parameters are unknown. For instance if there are two groups of students who were taught using two different methods and the researcher wants to find the difference between these two independent groups then t-test can be most helpful in ascertaining the difference by evaluating the mean difference whereby samples from each population can be taken and compared on the basis of a given variable (Keyton, 2011). In the above question, there are two distinct groups i.e. samples - older people and younger people. 'Age' is an independent